Domestic violence against women

The united nations defines violence against women as many act of gender based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitary deprivation of liberty, whether occuring in public health problem and a violation of human rights.

Lack of acessto education and oppuortunity and low social status in communities are linked to violence against women. violence by an intimate patner is one of physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive and maternal health problems can result from violence against women.Many women donot seek help or report violence when it occurs.

  In a 10 country study on women's health and domestic violence conducted by WHO, between 15% and 71% of women reported physical or sexual violence by a husband or patner. Everyear about 5,000 women are murdered by by family members. trafficking of women and girls for forced labour and sex is widespread and often affects the most vulnerable. Forced marriages and child mariages violate the human rights of women and girls, yet they are widely praticed in many countries is Asia, the middle east and sub-saharan africa.

The social and economic costs of violence against women are enormous and have ripple effects througout society. Women may suffer isolation, inability to work, loss of wages, lack o participation in regular activities and limited ability to care for themselves and their children.

There are many factors which affects violence toward women:
family and relaationship
community
societal
individusl

Personal attributes associates with higher risk of violence include: limited education, an young age, lower socio-economic status, limited education, a history of abuse and subtance use and for partner violence, the choice of patner. partner traits that put women at risk include alchol or drug use, low educational level, negative attitudes about women and witnessing domestic violence against women.

Within families risk of the violence increase with martial conflicts, male dominance, economic stress and poor family functioning.within communities the risk is higher where there is gender inequality and a lack of community cohesion or resources. on a broder level higher risk is found i society with traditional gender norms or lack of autonomy for women and where there restrictive laws on divorce and ownership and inheritance of property or when there is social breakdown due to conflicts or disasters.